Debate on Drug Decriminalization Gains Momentum in Finland

In Finland, the recent call by two members of the National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL) to decriminalize all drugs has sparked a national debate. Inspired by the examples of Portugal and the Czech Republic, the proposal suggests treating drug use as a public health issue rather than a criminal one. This view aligns with a growing international trend, including support from organizations like the UN and WHO, to shift focus from punishment to health-oriented strategies

Portugal's experience since decriminalizing all drugs in 2001 serves as a compelling case study. The country has seen a significant reduction in overdose rates, now boasting one of the lowest rates in the EU at 5.8 per million. In stark contrast, Finland's overdose rate stands at 43 per million, highlighting the potential benefits of a health-focused approach. The Finnish experts argue that removing the fear of punishment could facilitate better support for drug users, making interventions more effective

The Finnish public appears divided on the issue. A 2018 survey by the THL revealed that recreational drug use is becoming more common, particularly among those aged 25-34, with cannabis being the most popular. While 42% of survey respondents support the decriminalization of cannabis, only 20% are in favor of decriminalizing all recreational drugs. The survey also showed a significant increase in cannabis use compared to 1992, signaling changing attitudes towards drug consumption

Political leaders in Finland are also split on the matter. Justice Minister Antti Häkkänen has opposed the decriminalization proposal, while Interior Minister Kai Mykkänen suggests a focus on prioritizing police resources towards more serious crimes rather than drug use. Meanwhile, Li Andersson, leader of the Left Alliance, supports the initiative, advocating for social and health interventions over punitive measures, citing evidence that decriminalization does not necessarily lead to increased drug use

The debate is further fueled by differing opinions within the Finnish parliament. Right-wing parliamentarian Tom Packalén argues that decriminalization could lead to higher drug use and availability. In contrast, reports from the UK-based Transform Drug Policy Foundation highlight Portugal's success in reducing drug consumption rates post-decriminalization, providing a counter-narrative to Packalén's concerns

As Finland grapples with the potential shift in drug policy, the discussion continues to evolve. The current government has stated there will be no legislative changes under its tenure, but the conversation has opened the door for future policy considerations. The ongoing debate reflects a broader global reassessment of drug policies, with Finland at a crossroads between maintaining traditional punitive approaches and embracing more progressive health-centered strategies