Genetics and Environment Shape Terpene Profiles in Cannabis Cultivars

Recent discussions with experts Zacariah Hildenbrand, PhD, and Adam Jacques have shed light on the intricate role genetics and environmental factors play in determining the terpene profiles of cannabis cultivars. According to these industry specialists, genetics are a crucial determinant, but environmental conditions can significantly alter terpene expression. This dynamic interplay allows cultivators to tailor the terpene profiles by manipulating both genetic and environmental variables

Adam Jacques, a geneticist and cultivator at Big Earth Consulting, emphasized the historical origins of terpenes, noting that they are influenced by the plant's native environment. He explained that terpenes originally evolved as a response to environmental stressors, serving as signals to attract beneficial organisms or repel pests. This evolutionary trait means that terpenes can vary widely even among genetically identical plants, depending on the environment in which they are grown

Zacariah Hildenbrand, a partner at Medusa Analytical, LLC, highlighted the impact of light exposure on terpene expression. He noted that specific light spectra, particularly red light below 670 nanometers, can enhance certain terpene profiles. This finding underscores the potential for cultivators to fine-tune terpene production by adjusting light conditions, thereby creating desired aromatic and therapeutic profiles in cannabis plants

The insights from Hildenbrand and Jacques underscore the complexity and potential of cannabis cultivation. By understanding the genetic and environmental factors at play, cultivators can experiment with different growing conditions to achieve specific terpene outcomes. This approach not only enhances the sensory and therapeutic attributes of cannabis but also offers a pathway to innovate within the industry, catering to diverse consumer preferences