Bermuda Faces UK Roadblock as Grenada Advances Cannabis Reform Across Caribbean

Grenada's recent move to decriminalize cannabis has added fresh momentum to a growing wave of drug policy reforms sweeping the Caribbean, but Bermuda's path to legalization remains fraught with political and legal hurdles. Grenada set the legal age for cannabis consumption at 21 and initiated expungement of minor offenses, signaling a progressive shift in regional attitudes. This development has prompted advocates to look toward Bermuda as a potential next domino in the region's cannabis policy transformation

Bermuda, however, is in a unique position as a British Overseas Territory, making its legislative ambitions subject to the approval of the United Kingdom. Medical cannabis was introduced in Bermuda in 2016, followed by the decriminalization of possession of up to seven grams in 2017. Yet, efforts to establish a comprehensive regulatory framework have repeatedly stalled, most notably with the Cannabis Licensing Act of 2022, which was blocked by UK officials citing conflicts with international drug control treaties

The standoff reached a critical point when Rena Lalgie, Bermuda's Governor at the time, announced she had been "instructed" by the UK foreign secretary to deny royal assent to the Progressive Labour Party's cannabis legalization bill, stating the legislation was "not consistent with obligations held by the UK and Bermuda under the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs and the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances." Premier Burt responded forcefully, warning that such interference could "destroy the relationship we had with the United Kingdom," highlighting the deepening constitutional tensions

Despite these setbacks, local stakeholders in Bermuda remain committed to advancing cannabis reform. The Green Framework Foundation (GFF), in collaboration with biotech startup CariGenetics, is spearheading research into the genetic factors that influence cannabis metabolism, especially among people of Caribbean descent. "We are working with CariGenetics to help people understand how individuals metabolize cannabis," said Kim Nicole Casey, CEO of GFF, emphasizing the need for precision medicine in the island's medical cannabis program. Dr. Carika Weldon, CEO of CariGenetics, added, "85% of the diverse global population is not included in efficacy and safety testing of drugs. Most is based on data from European men."

Bermuda's efforts have also resonated with the local community, as reflected in the lyrics of recording artist Collie Buddz, who asks, "When dem a go legalize?" The PLP has reaffirmed its commitment to advancing cannabis legislation in its 2025 party platform, signaling that reform remains a political priority. With Grenada's progress providing a regional template, advocates hope Bermuda can overcome its constitutional obstacles and establish a regulated industry that accounts for both medical needs and social equity

From the OG Lab perspective, Bermuda's struggle highlights the complex interplay between colonial governance, international treaties, and local aspirations for cannabis reform. The ongoing standoff with the UK could set a precedent for other territories navigating similar challenges. As Caribbean nations continue to push for progressive cannabis policies, the outcome in Bermuda will be closely watched as a test case for balancing sovereignty, public health, and international law